{"id":13393,"date":"2024-05-16T09:20:35","date_gmt":"2024-05-16T07:20:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/musee\/2-from-collaboration-to-state-anti-semitism\/"},"modified":"2026-04-13T10:52:00","modified_gmt":"2026-04-13T08:52:00","slug":"2-from-collaboration-to-state-anti-semitism","status":"publish","type":"musee","link":"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/musee\/the-occupation-creation-of-solidarite\/2-from-collaboration-to-state-anti-semitism\/","title":{"rendered":"2 &#8211; From collaboration to state anti-Semitism"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"13393\" class=\"elementor elementor-13393 elementor-1767\" data-elementor-post-type=\"musee\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29c88ce e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"29c88ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-735d183 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"735d183\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc8a55a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bc8a55a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p dir=\"ltr\">The armistice is signed on June 22, 1940. The national territory was fragmented. A <a href=\"#\" data-note=\"3709\">demarcation line<\/a> separated the German-occupied northern zone from the so-called free southern zone. On July 11, the title of &#8220;Head of the French State&#8221; is conferred on Philippe <a href=\"#\" data-note=\"3706\">P\u00e9tain<\/a> by the National Assembly. The word &#8220;Republic&#8221; was abolished from official texts. The anti-Republican French far right triumphs.     <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The government moves to the Free Zone in <a href=\"#\" data-note=\"3710\">Vichy<\/a>. The <a href=\"#\" data-note=\"3711\">National Revolution<\/a> became the official ideology of the Petainist regime. <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Pierre <a href=\"#\" data-note=\"3712\">Laval<\/a>, appointed Vice-President of the Council, implements the policy of state <a href=\"#\" data-note=\"3713\">collaboration<\/a> with Hitler&#8217;s Germany.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Responsibility for the defeat is attributed to the &#8220;Anti-France&#8221;: the <a href=\"#\" data-note=\"3556\">Popular Front<\/a>, political opponents, foreigners, Freemasons and, above all, Jews.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Daily anti-Semitism began to spread in July, both in Paris and in the southern zone. <a href=\"#\" data-note=\"3714\">Far-right groups<\/a> attack Jewish-owned stores. P\u00e9tain introduced anti-Jewish laws in France without any particular pressure from the Germans: the law of July 22, 1940 established a process for reviewing naturalizations acquired since 1927. Among the &#8220;denaturalized&#8221; were 6,000 Jews. A law of August 16 reserved the practice of medicine to French nationals &#8220;with original title&#8221;. The same applies to lawyers the following month. On August 27, the Marchandeau law condemning racist or anti-Semitic articles in the press was repealed. Anti-Semitic hatred immediately flared up in the newspaper columns.       <\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">It was the revenge of the <a href=\"#\" data-note=\"3715\">anti-Dreyfusards<\/a>. The French state&#8217;s anti-Semitism of exclusion intensified. Nazi anti-Semitism of destruction would come later.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5620637 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5620637\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-def0861 elementor-widget elementor-widget-child-list\" data-id=\"def0861\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"child-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<style>.elementor-element-def0861 .eap-child-list:not(.eap-child-list-style-2) .icon {bottom:-30px} .elementor-element-def0861 .eap-child-list.eap-child-list-style-2 .icon {right:-30px} @media screen and (max-width: 1024px) {.elementor-element-def0861 .eap-child-list.eap-child-list-style-2 .icon {bottom: -30px; left: 50%; top: auto; transform: translateY(+50%) translateX(-50%) rotate(0deg); right: auto;}<\/style>\r\n\t<div class=\"eap-child-list eap-child-list-style-1\">\r\n\t    \t<div class=\"item-child current-page\"><div class=\"ct\">\r\n    \t\t<div class=\"item-child--top \">\r\n        \t\t        \t\t<div class=\"title titre-numero\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/musee\/the-occupation-creation-of-solidarite\/2-from-collaboration-to-state-anti-semitism\/\">2 &#8211; From collaboration to state anti-Semitism<\/a><\/div>\r\n        \t<\/div>\r\n    \t\t    \t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"icon\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.3 192h257.3c17.8 0 26.7 21.5 14.1 34.1L174.1 354.8c-7.8 7.8-20.5 7.8-28.3 0L17.2 226.1C4.6 213.5 13.5 192 31.3 192z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\r\n    \t<\/div>\r\n \t\t    \t<div class=\"item-child \"><div class=\"ct\">\r\n    \t\t<div class=\"item-child--top \">\r\n        \t\t        \t\t<div class=\"title titre-numero\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/musee\/the-occupation-creation-of-solidarite\/1-jewish-immigrants-involvement-in-the-war\/\">1 &#8211; Jewish immigrants&#8217; involvement in the war<\/a><\/div>\r\n        \t<\/div>\r\n    \t\t    \t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"icon\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.3 192h257.3c17.8 0 26.7 21.5 14.1 34.1L174.1 354.8c-7.8 7.8-20.5 7.8-28.3 0L17.2 226.1C4.6 213.5 13.5 192 31.3 192z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\r\n    \t<\/div>\r\n \t\t    \t<div class=\"item-child \"><div class=\"ct\">\r\n    \t\t<div class=\"item-child--top \">\r\n        \t\t        \t\t<div class=\"title titre-numero\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/musee\/the-occupation-creation-of-solidarite\/3-clandestine-actions-of-the-jewish-section-of-the-m-o-i\/\">3 &#8211; Clandestine actions of the Jewish section of the M.O.I.<\/a><\/div>\r\n        \t<\/div>\r\n    \t\t    \t<\/div>\r\n\t\t<div class=\"icon\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-caret-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 320 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M31.3 192h257.3c17.8 0 26.7 21.5 14.1 34.1L174.1 354.8c-7.8 7.8-20.5 7.8-28.3 0L17.2 226.1C4.6 213.5 13.5 192 31.3 192z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\r\n    \t<\/div>\r\n \t\t\t<\/div>\r\n    \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b06a188 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b06a188\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" id=\"contenu\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_has_onepagescroll_dot&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The armistice is signed on June 22, 1940. The national territory was fragmented. A demarcation line separated the German-occupied northern zone from the so-called free southern zone. On July 11, the title of &#8220;Head of the French State&#8221; is conferred on Philippe P\u00e9tain by the National Assembly. The word &#8220;Republic&#8221; was abolished from official texts. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":13394,"parent":13480,"template":"","class_list":["post-13393","musee","type-musee","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/musee\/13393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/musee"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/musee"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/musee\/13393\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13482,"href":"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/musee\/13393\/revisions\/13482"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/musee\/13480"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13394"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dev-multi.museemrjmoi.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}